<p>When people think of bloat, they picture a visibly swollen stomach. But in dogs, it doesn’t always look that way.</p><p>For some cases, especially more serious ones with Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), it can start with changes that are easy to miss.</p><p>When your dog can’t settle down or seems restless.<br>Something that just feels off.</p><p>At Gaia Vets, that’s often how these cases first present. Not obvious… just different from normal.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What Bloat Actually Means in Dogs</h2><figure class="image"><a href="https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/digestive/bloat-in-dogs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><img alt="Bloat GDV in Dogs.jpg" src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/Bloat_GDV_in_Dogs_7d3471c2e7.jpg" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_Bloat_GDV_in_Dogs_7d3471c2e7.jpg 120w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_Bloat_GDV_in_Dogs_7d3471c2e7.jpg 386w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/medium_Bloat_GDV_in_Dogs_7d3471c2e7.jpg 580w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/large_Bloat_GDV_in_Dogs_7d3471c2e7.jpg 773w" sizes="100vw" width="773"></a><figcaption><i>What bloat and GDV looks like in dogs. Credit: PetMD</i></figcaption></figure><p>&nbsp;</p><figure class="image"><img alt="Gaia Vets Case of Bloat in Dog.jpeg" src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/Gaia_Vets_Case_of_Bloat_in_Dog_41f1a09fd9.jpeg" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_Gaia_Vets_Case_of_Bloat_in_Dog_41f1a09fd9.jpeg 102w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_Gaia_Vets_Case_of_Bloat_in_Dog_41f1a09fd9.jpeg 327w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/medium_Gaia_Vets_Case_of_Bloat_in_Dog_41f1a09fd9.jpeg 490w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/large_Gaia_Vets_Case_of_Bloat_in_Dog_41f1a09fd9.jpeg 654w" sizes="100vw" width="654"><figcaption><i>Gaia Vets case: Chicken bones blocked the gut of a toy poodle, causing painful bloating.</i></figcaption></figure><p>&nbsp;</p><p>When we talk about “bloat” in dogs, we’re often referring to a condition called Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV). It happens when the stomach fills with gas, food, or fluid and then twists, trapping everything inside.</p><p>This twist can affect blood flow and place pressure on nearby organs. Not every bloated stomach is GDV of course. But GDV often starts quietly, and doesn’t always look dramatic early on.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What You Might Notice First</h2><p>It’s rarely one obvious sign.<br>More often, it’s a combination of small changes:</p><ul><li>Restlessness or pacing</li><li>Trying to vomit, but nothing comes out</li><li>Drooling more than usual</li><li>A subtle change in posture or comfort</li><li>A belly that feels slightly tighter, but not always visibly swollen</li></ul><p>Most owners don’t recognise “bloat” right away. They notice that their dog isn’t quite their usual selves.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Why Bloat is Easy to Miss Early On</h2><p>Early stages may not cause visible swelling. Your dog's fur and body shape can hide abdominal changes. This means behavioural signs often appear before physical ones.&nbsp;</p><p>In fact, by the time a stomach looks obviously distended, the condition may already be more advanced.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Which Dogs Tend to Be More at Risk</h2><p>Bloat happens more often in:</p><ul><li>Larger, deep-chested breeds</li><li>Dogs that eat very quickly</li><li>Dogs that exercise too soon after meals</li></ul><p>But this isn’t limited to these groups. We’ve seen cases outside of them too, which is why it’s more useful to focus on what’s normal for your dog, rather than relying on risk factors alone.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>When It’s Worth Getting Your Dog Checked</h2><p>If something feels off with your dog, you should bring him to see your vet.</p><p>You don’t need to be certain something is wrong. In many cases, it turns out to be something mild. But in the cases where it isn’t, getting seen earlier gives your pet more options for treatment.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Can You Prevent Bloat Completely?</h2><p>Not completely. But you can reduce the risk by:</p><ul><li>Feeding smaller, more frequent meals</li><li>Slowing down fast eaters with puzzle feeders etc.</li><li>Avoiding intense activity around mealtimes</li></ul><p>These steps help, but they don’t replace awareness. So you are your dog's best chance and first responder in this case.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Your Trusted Family Vet, When You’re Unsure</h2><p>Not every change is serious. But some are, and telling the difference at home isn’t always straightforward. At Gaia Vets, our team is here to help you make that call with you, not after the fact.&nbsp;</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>Book a consultation</u></a> with us today!&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</p>

Find out what bloat can mean and if it's signalling something else

Medically reviewed by Dr. Claire Tan, BVSc (Qld.), BAppSc (Qld.)

Bloat Isn’t Always Obvious in Dogs

<blockquote><p>“Because the signs of an early onset of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are quite subtle, it can be months and years of your pet having the disease before you notice a problem. Hence the term ‘chronic’. The damage to the kidneys is irreversible and can become life-threatening.” - Dr. Claire Tan, BVSc (Qld.), BAppSc (Qld.)</p></blockquote><p><br>Let’s be candid here.<br>It is not easy for pet owners like you to notice changes that may be affecting your pet’s health. In cats and dogs, this is especially so in early stages of diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).</p><h3>Symptoms of early onset of CKD include:</h3><ul><li>Drinking more</li><li>Urinating more</li><li>Decreased appetite</li><li>Weight-loss</li><li>Dull coat (especially in cats)</li></ul><p>Kidneys are quite resilient in the sense that they can continue to function normally despite damage to their tissues. At least 75% of the kidneys must be damaged before significant symptoms show up.</p><p>Some of these symptoms which indicate that CKD is already in the advanced stage include:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Lethargy</li><li>Vomiting and/or diarrhoea</li><li>Bad breath</li><li>Oral ulcers</li><li>Pale gums and/or ears</li><li>Bleeding in the eye and/or blindness</li><li>Seizures&nbsp;</li></ul><p>By this stage, your pet’s kidneys may require aggressive treatment to slow down the disease and maintain whatever kidney function that may be left. That is why it is crucial for pet owners like you to be aware of the risk factors and possible causes of CKD. Annual health checks can also provide crucial insights into your pet’s kidney functions.</p><h3><br>So what are the risk factors and causes of CKD?&nbsp;</h3><h4>Risk factors include old age and breed types</h4><p>Senior dogs and cats are more likely to develop CKD as a result of age and natural degeneration. There is no exact age where pet owners can reference and start to look out for CKD, especially for dogs.</p><p>For small dogs, CKD shows up at around 10 - 14 years of age (what is conventionally considered old age) but for larger-sized dogs, CKD can show up as early as 7 years old. &nbsp;</p><p>In cats, certain breeds seem to be more susceptible to developing CKD. Higher incidences of CKD have been reported in breeds such as Maine Coon, Abyssinian, Siamese, Ragdoll, Russian Blue, Persian and Burmese.</p><h4>Some of the causes of CKD include:</h4><ol><li>Genetics - where your pet inherits a disease, e.g. Polycystic Kidney Disease.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Stones in the kidneys or ureters.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Infection of the kidneys.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Viral infections in cats such as FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus), FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus) and FIP (Feline Infectious Peritonitis).<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Tumours in the kidneys.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>As a consequence of Acute Kidney Disease (AKD). AKD is usually caused by the ingestion of toxins such as grapes (in dogs) and lily flowers (in cats).</li></ol><h3><br>What can I do for my pet?&nbsp;</h3><p>With awareness comes the power to act.<br>Pet owners like you can do a lot to reduce your pet’s risk of getting CKD or detect it early. &nbsp;</p><ol><li>Annual health checks. This aids in early detection of not just CKD but also a bunch of other diseases. Early disease detection gives you more options for treatment and also a better chance to keep the disease under control. &nbsp;<br>To check the condition of your pet’s kidney function, blood tests are conducted to measure by-products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood creatinine (CREA) and SDMA.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Be more vigilant especially if your pet has reached old age or is a breed that seems to be genetically predisposed to developing CKD.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Keep toxic food or plants away from your pets to prevent accidental ingestion.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Get your cat vaccinated, e.g. there is a vaccine for FeLV in cats.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</li></ol><h3>What happens if my pet is diagnosed with CKD?&nbsp;</h3><p>There is no need to despair just yet!&nbsp;</p><p>Treatment of CKD depends on the extent of disease i.e. how far it has progressed and whether co-morbidities (other medical conditions) are present.</p><p>Your pet may need to be hospitalised to stabilise his/her condition first. Thereafter, life-long medication at home and regular checks may be required to ensure that the CKD is under control. Your vet will be able to provide a suitable treatment plan based on your pet and his/her medical history. &nbsp;</p><p>As always, our professional and caring team at Gaia Vets are here to support you and your pet through long-term disease management. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>Contact us today</u></a> if you need help!<br>&nbsp;</p>

Early signs, risks, and how to catch Chronic Kidney Disease before it becomes life-threatening

Why CKD is a ticking time bomb in your pet

<p>It usually starts small.</p><p>Your dog asks to go outside more often, or maybe there’s an accident in the house even though they’re well-trained.</p><p>It’s easy to brush it off. But sometimes, these subtle changes are your dog’s way of telling you something isn’t right.</p><p>One of the more common causes?<br>A urinary tract infection (UTI).</p><h2>What is a UTI in dogs?</h2><p>A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria enter the urinary system, most commonly travelling up the urethra into the bladder.</p><p>Under normal conditions, urine in the bladder is sterile. But once bacteria get in, they can multiply and irritate the bladder lining. This leads to discomfort, inflammation, and changes in urination frequency.</p><p>While UTIs are fairly common in dogs, they’re not something to ignore, especially if symptoms are getting worse.&nbsp;</p><h2>Signs of a UTI in dogs</h2><p>UTIs don’t always look dramatic at first. In fact, many of the early signs are easy to miss. Here’s what to watch for:</p><h3>Changes in urination habits</h3><ul><li>Asking to go out more frequently</li><li>Passing only small amounts of urine</li><li>Having accidents indoors</li></ul><h3>Signs of discomfort</h3><ul><li>Straining to pee</li><li>Whining or appearing uncomfortable while urinating</li></ul><h3>Visible changes</h3><ul><li>Blood in the urine</li><li>Cloudy urine</li><li>Strong or unusual odour</li></ul><h3>Behavioural changes</h3><ul><li>Licking the genital area more than usual</li><li>Lethargy or reduced activity</li></ul><p><strong>A common red flag we see in clinic:</strong> A previously well-trained dog suddenly having accidents at home.</p><p>That’s often not behavioural, it’s medical.</p><figure class="image"><img alt="Accidents from a well trained dog can be a sign of UTI - Gaia Vets.png" src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/Accidents_from_a_well_trained_dog_can_be_a_sign_of_UTI_Gaia_Vets_ea7f444d0e.png" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_Accidents_from_a_well_trained_dog_can_be_a_sign_of_UTI_Gaia_Vets_ea7f444d0e.png 208w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_Accidents_from_a_well_trained_dog_can_be_a_sign_of_UTI_Gaia_Vets_ea7f444d0e.png 500w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/medium_Accidents_from_a_well_trained_dog_can_be_a_sign_of_UTI_Gaia_Vets_ea7f444d0e.png 750w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/large_Accidents_from_a_well_trained_dog_can_be_a_sign_of_UTI_Gaia_Vets_ea7f444d0e.png 1000w" sizes="100vw" width="1000"><figcaption><i>Sometimes there are underlying causes from 'accidental' pees. It's your cue to observe your dog for other possible signs of UTI.&nbsp;</i></figcaption></figure><h2>How do dogs get UTIs?</h2><p>Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, commonly E. coli, which can come from the environment or the dog’s own body.</p><p>But infections don’t always happen randomly. There’s usually a contributing factor.</p><p>Common risk factors include:</p><ul><li>Female dogs are more prone (due to shorter urethra)</li><li>Older or more senior dogs</li><li>Underlying conditions (e.g. diabetes, kidney disease, Cushing’s)</li><li>Presence of bladder stones</li><li>Weakened immune system</li><li>Anatomical issues</li></ul><p>When these factors are present, UTIs can become recurrent or harder to resolve when they occur.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Why you shouldn’t wait it out a UTI</h2><p>Some mild UTIs may seem manageable at first, but without treatment, they can progress.</p><p>Left untreated, a UTI can lead to:</p><ul><li>Ongoing pain and discomfort</li><li>Bladder stones</li><li>Kidney infections (more serious)</li></ul><p>This means, what starts as “just peeing more” can turn into something much more complicated.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>How UTIs are diagnosed</h2><p>Because several urinary conditions can look similar, a proper diagnosis is important.</p><p>This typically starts with a urinalysis at the vet clinic. This is a test that evaluates:</p><ul><li>Urine concentration</li><li>Presence of blood, protein, or glucose</li><li>Signs of infection (white blood cells, bacteria)</li><li>Crystals in the urine</li></ul><p>In some cases, we may also recommend:</p><ul><li>Urine culture &amp; sensitivity testing (to identify the exact bacteria and best antibiotic)</li><li>Imaging (e.g. X-rays or ultrasound) if bladder stones are suspected</li></ul><p>This helps ensure we’re treating the right problem, in the right way.</p><h2>How UTIs in dogs are treated</h2><p>Treatment usually involves:</p><ul><li>Antibiotics to clear the infection</li><li>Pain relief if your dog is uncomfortable</li><li>Dietary adjustments, if needed</li></ul><p>Once treatment is completed, a follow-up urine test is often recommended to make sure the infection has fully resolved.</p><p>If not, your vet may need to look deeper for underlying causes.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Can UTIs be prevented?</h2><p>In some cases, yes, but prevention depends on the underlying cause.</p><p>General steps that can help include:</p><ul><li>Encouraging regular urination (don’t delay bathroom breaks)</li><li>Keeping your dog well-hydrated</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/dog-body-condition-score-chart"><u>Maintaining a healthy weight</u></a></li><li>Managing underlying health conditions</li><li>Following any diet or supplement recommendations from your vet</li></ul><p>If your dog has had UTIs before, it’s worth having a long-term plan to reduce recurrence. Speak to your vet about this!</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>When should you see a vet?</h2><p>If you notice any of the following, it’s best to get it checked early:</p><ul><li>Frequent urination</li><li>Straining to pee</li><li>Blood in urine</li><li>Sudden accidents at home</li></ul><p>These signs may seem mild, but they’re often the earliest window to intervene, before things worsen.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>A note from us at Gaia Vets</h2><p>UTIs are something we see quite regularly in both dogs and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/cat-urinary-problems"><u>cats</u></a>, and more often than not, owners tell us:</p><p><i>“We thought it was just a small change.”</i><br><i>"We thought it was normal."</i></p><p>You know your dog best. So if something feels off, it’s always worth checking.</p><p>Early care is not just simpler and cheaper for you, it’s kinder for your pet, too.</p><p>If you’re concerned about your dog’s urinary health, feel free to reach out to our team at Gaia Vets. We’re here to help you figure things out step by step.</p><p>With 2 branches located in the west side and central Singapore, just give us a call to book an appointment. Contact us today for help. &nbsp;</p>

All the signs of UTIs in dogs you shouldn’t ignore

It’s Not “Just Peeing More” - UTI in dogs

<p>Raw diets has become quite popular among pet owners who want to give their pets a more “natural” way to feed. Social media especially tends to promote raw meat diets as a way to improve coat quality, digestion, and overall health.</p><p>But is a raw diet actually safer for dogs and cats?</p><p>At Gaia Vets, we often get questions from pet owners about raw feeding. While feeding raw meat may seem closer to what animals eat in the wild, veterinary research shows that raw diets can carry several risks for both pets and their families.</p><p>Let’s take you through some considerations so you can make more informed choices about raw diets!</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What’s a Raw Diet for Dogs and Cats?</h2><p>A raw diet typically consists of uncooked animal ingredients such as:</p><ul><li>Raw meat</li><li>Organs</li><li>Bones</li><li>Eggs</li><li>Fruits or vegetables</li></ul><p>Raw diets are often marketed under several names, including:</p><ul><li>BARF diet (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food or Bones and Raw Food)</li><li>Raw meat based diets (RMBDs)</li><li>Frozen raw pet food</li><li>Freeze-dried raw pet food&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Some owners prepare these meals at home, while others buy commercially packaged raw diets.</p><p>Although these diets are commonly advertised as healthier or more natural, current <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/life/vet-talk-hidden-dangers-of-feeding-pets-a-raw-food-diet"><u>veterinary evidence raises concerns about food safety</u></a> and nutritional balance.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Risks of Feeding a Raw Diet to Dogs &amp; Cats</h2><h3><br>1. Risk of Harmful Bacteria in Raw Pet Food</h3><p>Raw meat <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31025713/"><u>frequently contains bacteria</u></a> that are normally eliminated during cooking.<br><br>Common bacteria found in raw pet food include:</p><ul><li>Salmonella</li><li>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</li><li>Listeria</li><li>Campylobacter</li></ul><p>Because raw diets skip the cooking process, these bacteria may remain in the food and infect pets or humans who handle them.&nbsp;</p><p>Studies have shown that raw pet food products <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://wsava.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Raw-Meat-Based-Diets-for-Pets_WSAVA-Global-Nutrition-Toolkit.pdf"><u>may contain pathogens capable of causing illness</u></a>, while properly cooked commercial pet foods generally do not.&nbsp;</p><p>Pets that consume contaminated raw food may also shed bacteria in their stool even if they do not appear sick. This increases <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.food.gov.uk/research/foodborne-pathogens/an-assessment-of-the-risk-of-companion-animals-acquiring-salmonella-escherichia-coli-spp-campylobacter-spp-and-mrsa-from"><u>the risk of bacteria spreading around the home</u></a> via food bowls, litter boxes, pet saliva etc.</p><p data-start="518" data-end="758">Research has shown that contamination in raw pet food is not uncommon. In one study, nearly <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/dogs-and-raw-food-diets "><u>25% of raw dog food samples tested positive for harmful bacteria such as Salmonella and Listeria</u></a>.</p><p data-start="760" data-end="973">Dogs may also carry these bacteria without showing any signs of illness, meaning they can unknowingly spread pathogens through their saliva, faeces, and environment at home.<br><br>If you’ve got children, elderly family members, pregnant individuals, or immunocompromised people, they all face a higher risk of infection.<br>&nbsp;</p><h3>2. Risk of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria</h3><p>Another growing concern is antimicrobial resistance.<br>Some raw pet foods have been found to contain <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.fda.gov/science-research/fda-science-forum/metagenomic-insights-pet-food-microbiomes-and-resistomes"><u>bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes</u></a>. These bacteria may spread between pets and humans, and can potentially contribute to infections that are harder to treat.<br><br>This is one of the key reasons veterinary and public health organisations caution against raw feeding.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>3. Risk of Parasites &amp; Zoonotic Diseases</h3><p>Raw meat may also contain parasites and infectious organisms that can affect both animals and humans. Examples include:</p><ul><li>Toxoplasma</li><li>Tapeworms</li><li>Brucella bacteria<br>&nbsp;</li></ul><p>These pathogens can spread through contaminated food or surfaces in the home.<br>&nbsp;</p><h3>4. The Issue of Nutritional Imbalances</h3><p>Dogs and cats require carefully balanced levels of nutrients, including:</p><ul><li>Calcium and phosphorus</li><li>Essential fatty acids</li><li>Vitamins and trace minerals</li><li>Taurine and L-carnitine<br>&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Many home prepared raw diets are unable to meet these requirements compared to formulated kibbles/wet food made by reputable manufacturers.&nbsp;</p><p>Long term nutritional imbalances may lead to health problems such as:</p><ul><li>Bone abnormalities in growing animals</li><li>Organ damage</li><li>Weak immunity</li><li>Heart disease in cats due to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/253/11/javma.253.11.1390.xml"><u>taurine deficiency</u></a></li></ul><p>Young pets such as puppies and kittens are especially vulnerable to improper nutrition during growth and pet owners should avoid raw diets for this reason.</p><p data-start="1105" data-end="1174">Another lesser discussed risk of raw diets is the inclusion of bones.</p><p data-start="1176" data-end="1196">Raw bones may cause intestinal blockage, perforation of the digestive tract<br>and dental fractures. In some cases, these complications may require emergency surgery.</p><p data-start="1176" data-end="1196">Check out some <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/signs-after-feeding-dog-cat-bone"><u>top signs to watch</u></a> after feeding bones to your pet.</p><h2>Other FAQs on Raw Diets</h2><h3>Is Freeze Dried Raw Pet Food Safer?</h3><p>Freeze-dried raw diets are often marketed as a safer alternative to frozen raw food because of its preparation method.</p><p><br>Freeze drying removes moisture from food to extend shelf life, but it does not reliably eliminate harmful bacteria. This means pathogens present in raw meat may still survive the freeze drying process.</p><p><br>Studies analysing commercial raw pet foods have identified disease causing microbes and antibiotic resistant bacteria in frozen, refrigerated, and freeze-dried raw diets.</p><p><br>Some manufacturers use additional safety steps such as high pressure processing to reduce bacterial contamination. While this can lower bacterial levels, it still may not completely eliminate all pathogens.</p><p><br>For this reason, freeze-dried raw diets should still be handled with the same caution as other raw foods.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>What Do Vets Recommend Instead?</h3><p>Most vets (including our team at Gaia Vets) recommend feeding a complete and balanced commercial diet.&nbsp;</p><p>Look for diets that meet recognised nutritional standards such as:</p><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.aafco.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Pet_Food_Report_Annual_2014-Appendix_A-Revised_AAFCO_Nutrient_Profiles-Final_092214.pdf"><u>AAFCO</u></a> feeding trials or nutrient profiles</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://wsava.org/global-guidelines/global-nutrition-guidelines/"><u>WSAVA nutritional guidelines</u></a></li><li>Veterinary formulated diets</li></ul><p>These diets are carefully designed to provide:</p><ul><li>&nbsp;Balanced protein, fats, and carbohydrates</li><li>Correct mineral ratios</li><li>Essential vitamins and amino acids</li><li>Strict manufacturing quality control</li></ul><p>Both dry kibbles and wet food can work well depending on your pet’s needs. Many pet owners choose to feed a combination of wet and dry food to increase hydration and dietary variety.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Is Raw Diet Alright For Puppies or Kittens?</h3><p><br>For young pets, we generally recommend:</p><ul><li>Puppy or kitten specific diets designed for growth</li><li>Breed-appropriate formulations, especially for large breed puppies</li><li>Monitoring body condition to prevent overfeeding</li></ul><p><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31960510/"><u>Large breed puppies</u></a> especially will need controlled calcium and energy levels to support proper bone development. It is best to avoid feeding unbalanced homemade diets during growth stages unless it is formulated by a veterinary nutritionist.<br>&nbsp;</p><h3 data-section-id="1u8o5xg" data-start="2077" data-end="2106">What Else Can &nbsp;Still Choose to Feed Raw</h3><h4>While we generally do not recommend raw feeding due to the risks involved, we understand that some pet owners may still choose this approach.</h4><p data-start="1992" data-end="2075">If you decide to feed raw, it is important to take steps to reduce potential risks.</p><h4><strong data-start="2108" data-end="2133">1. Sanitise Surfaces Regularly</strong></h4><p data-start="1992" data-end="2075">Clean and disinfect all surfaces, utensils, and food bowls that come into contact with raw food.</p><h4><strong data-start="2274" data-end="2295">2. Ensure Proper Storage</strong></h4><p data-start="2274" data-end="2430">Keep raw food frozen until you are ready to use it, and store it separately from human food.</p><h4><strong data-start="2432" data-end="2451">3. Practise Safe Thawing</strong></h4><p data-start="2432" data-end="2581">Thaw raw food in the refrigerator or microwave, not at room temperature or in the sink.</p><h4><strong data-start="2583" data-end="2619">4. Discard Uneaten Food Promptly</strong></h4><p data-start="2583" data-end="2796">Any raw food that is not eaten should be discarded within <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/dogs-and-raw-food-diets "><u>15 to 30 minutes</u></a> to reduce bacterial growth.</p><h4><strong data-start="2798" data-end="2826">5. Observe Good Hygiene after Feeding</strong></h4><p data-start="2798" data-end="2961">Wash your hands thoroughly after handling raw food or interacting with your pet after meals.</p><h4><strong data-start="2963" data-end="2996">6. Separate Feeding Equipment</strong></h4><p data-start="2963" data-end="3121">Use dedicated bowls, cutting boards, and storage containers for raw pet food only.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Is A Homecooked Diet Better?</h3><p>Some pets may require home cooked diets due to medical conditions.<br>In these cases, the diet should always be formulated with the guidance of your vet to ensure proper nutrient balance.</p><p>Simply feeding meat, vegetables, and supplements is rarely sufficient to meet all of a pet’s nutritional needs.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>The Conclusion on Raw Diets</h2><p>Raw diets, including freeze-dried raw food, are often promoted as natural alternatives to commercial pet food. However, research shows they may carry several risks, including:</p><ol><li>Bacterial contamination</li><li>Antibiotic resistant pathogens</li><li>Parasites and zoonotic disease</li><li>Nutritional imbalances</li></ol><p><br>For most pets, a complete and balanced commercial diet remains the safest and most reliable choice.</p><p>If you are not sure what diet is best for your dog or cat, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>come speak to our vets</u></a>! We can help ensure your pets receive the nutrition they need for every stage of life.</p>

The risks may outweigh any perceived benefits from this diet. 

Thinking of Feeding Your Pet a Raw Diet? Read This First. 

<blockquote><p>“One of the first signs we see in critically ill rabbits is a loss of appetite, sometimes days before they appear sick. Rabbits can deteriorate fast, so watch closely how much they eat.” - Dr Arman Chen, BVSc (Qld.), BSc (Leic.)</p></blockquote><p>In fact, skipping meals isn’t the only symptom. Your rabbit may have been producing tiny droppings or none at all.</p><p>Rabbits’ digestive systems are always on the move, and any slowdown, a.k.a gastrointestinal (GI) stasis can be quite serious. Early detection can actually save your bunny’s life.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What Exactly Is GI Stasis?</h2><p>Think of your rabbit’s intestines like a conveyor belt. When it stops moving, everything on it, be it hay, pellets, even a bit of fur can start to pile up. Gas builds up, gut bacteria can overgrow, and your bunny gets uncomfortable fast.</p><p>Pain and stress can make them eat less, which slows their gut even more.</p><p><strong>Quick fact: GI stasis can become life-threatening within 12–24 hours. That’s why even skipping a single meal can be a warning sign that warrants a visit.</strong></p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Why Rabbits Get GI Stasis</h2><p>Any rabbit can develop stasis, but a few common triggers stand out:</p><ul><li><strong>Diet issues: </strong>Too many pellets, too few hay, or high-starch treats slow the gut.</li><li><strong>Dental pain: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/rabbit-overgrown-teeth"><u>Overgrown teeth</u></a> or abscesses make eating uncomfortable.</li><li><strong>Stress or illness:</strong> Surgery, loud noises, new pets, or even moving the cage to a different room can trigger it.</li><li><strong>Dehydration:</strong> Thick, sticky gut contents are harder to move along and out</li><li><strong>Limited exercise:</strong> Indoor rabbits who don’t roam much may have slower gut motility.</li></ul><p>Even a healthy bunny develop GI stasis if a few of these factors stack up.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Early Signs: What to Watch For</h2><p>Catch GI stasis early, and you could save your bunny. Look out for:</p><ul><li>Skipping meals or refusing favourite treats</li><li>Small, misshapen, or fewer droppings</li><li>Soft or liquid cecotropes or caecal pallets</li><li>Sitting hunched, hiding, or unusually lethargic</li><li>Teeth grinding (ouch!)</li><li>Skipping grooming</li></ul><p><strong>Rule of thumb: If your bunny hasn’t eaten or pooped for 12 hours, consider it an emergency. Don’t wait. Call your vet immediately.</strong></p><figure class="image"><img alt="Figure-2-720x540-1.webp" src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/Figure_2_720x540_1_cd3f2f2deb.webp" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_Figure_2_720x540_1_cd3f2f2deb.webp 208w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_Figure_2_720x540_1_cd3f2f2deb.webp 500w" sizes="100vw" width="500"><figcaption><i>What hunching looks like in rabbits with abdominal pain</i><br><i>&nbsp;Image credit: Improve Veterinary Education </i><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://improveinternational.com/uk/clinical-library/acute-abdomen-rabbits-guinea-pigs"><i><u>website</u></i></a></figcaption></figure><h2>Advanced Symptoms of GI Stasis</h2><p>If things deteriorate further, you might notice:</p><ul><li>No droppings at all</li><li>Complete refusal to eat</li><li>Loud gurgling or total silence in the gut</li><li>Rapid breathing, weakness, or collapse</li></ul><p>By this stage, get your bunny to the vet and fast!</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>The “Hairball” Myth</h2><p>Some people assume GI stasis is just caused by a hairball. In actual fact, hairballs are rarely the culprit. What looks like a hairball is usually a mix of food, hair, and mucus stuck because the gut slowed down.</p><p>Plus, treating the hairball alone won’t fix stasis, you need to tackle the root cause. Read more about hairballs <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/rabbit-hairballs"><u>here</u></a>.&nbsp;</p><h2>How Vets Diagnose GI Stasis</h2><p>Your vet will check:</p><ul><li><strong>Tummy feel:</strong> Is it bloated or doughy?</li><li><strong>Gut sounds:</strong> Normal gurgling, loud gurgling, or silence?</li><li><strong>X-rays:</strong> See if there’s gas, a blockage, or abnormal material</li><li><strong>Teeth and urinary checks: </strong>Tooth pain or infections are common triggers</li><li><strong>Blood tests: </strong>Check hydration, organ function, or infection<br>&nbsp;</li></ul><h2>Treatment: What Happens at the Vet</h2><p>GI stasis is an emergency, and treatments can include any of the following:</p><ul><li><strong>Pain relief:</strong> Keeping your bunny comfortable helps them start eating again.</li><li><strong>Fluids: </strong>Subcutaneous or IV fluids to hydrate the gut and soften contents.</li><li><strong>Gut stimulants:</strong> Medications to get the intestines moving (but only if there’s no blockage).</li><li><strong>Syringe feeding: </strong>Fibre-rich recovery foods keep the gut moving.</li><li><strong>Gas relief &amp; gentle tummy massage: </strong>Only under vet guidance.</li><li><strong>Treating the cause: </strong>Dental work, infection control, or stress reduction to prevent recurrence.</li></ul><p>Recovery can take days or even weeks. Your patience and gentle, consistent care are key.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>How You Can Help Your Bunny at Home</h2><ol><li>Provide a quiet, calm space</li><li>Avoid excessive handling (even if all you want to do is to cuddle/comfort your furbaby!)</li><li>Offer unlimited hay</li><li>Keep water accessible</li><li>Keep bonded partners close because they help reduce stress</li><li>Watch droppings carefully and be patient as a slow return is normal</li></ol><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Preventing Rabbit GI Stasis</h2><p>Prevention is really always better than cure even if it sounds like advice you've heard before. Practising it really makes a difference!</p><ul><li><strong>High-fibre diet: </strong>Unlimited hay, high-fibre pellets, fresh greens<br>*Read more about what a healthy diet should consist of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/ideal-rabbit-diet"><u>here</u></a>.</li><li><strong>Exercise:</strong> Daily roaming outside of the cage</li><li><strong>Grooming: </strong>Especially during shedding seasons</li><li><strong>Dental care:</strong> Regular checks to keep any overgrown teeth in check</li><li><strong>Stress reduction: </strong>Keep the environment calm and predictable</li></ul><p>Regular vet visits help catch problems before they become emergencies. Another thing you can do is to have a baseline understanding of your rabbit's body condition/weight. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/handy-guide-rabbit-body-condition-score-chart"><u>Check this handy guide out</u></a>.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>When to Call Your Vet Immediately</h2><ul><li>No eating or droppings for 6 hours</li><li>Severe pain, rapid breathing, or collapse</li></ul><p>Quick action can mean the difference between recovery and tragedy.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Long-Term Care for Rabbits Prone to GI Stasis</h2><p>Some rabbits are just prone to recurring GI stasis. So you've got to keep a watchful eye on:</p><ul><li>Eating habits</li><li>Droppings in terms of texture, frequency etc.</li><li>Hydration and behaviour</li><li>Addressing diet, dental health, infections, or chronic pain reduces recurrence.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Consistency in routine is very important for sensitive bunnies.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Final Thoughts</h2><p>GI stasis may be serious but it can be manageable. Early detection, prompt vet care, and supportive home management can save lives.</p><ul><li>Keep a high-fibre diet with plenty of hay (at least 90% of the entire diet)</li><li>Reduce stress and provide gentle care</li><li>Monitor droppings and appetite daily</li><li>Schedule regular vet visits every 6 months</li></ul><p>More importantly, see a vet who is experienced in handling pocket pets such as rabbits. He or she can also advise on day-to-day care and provide tips or tricks to help you take care of your bunny.&nbsp;</p><p>Our team at Gaia Vets are experienced in rabbit care and general surgical procedures. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>Contact us today</u></a>!<br>&nbsp;</p>

Why not eating can become an emergency, the signs and prevention

Medically reviewed by Dr. Arman Chen, BVSc (Qld.), BSc (Leic.)

When Skipping a Meal Becomes Dangerous for Rabbits

<blockquote><p>"It’s hard to tell if birds are sick, because the signs are so subtle. But if owners are aware of their birds' baseline for what's considered normal, they will be more alert to changes which may indicate illnesses." - Dr. Arman Chen, BVSc (Qld.), BSc (Leic.)</p></blockquote><p><br>In the wild where threats of predators are real, birds tend to hide weakness or illness so they don’t get singled out and picked off by birds of prey. This innate behaviour is still stuck with domesticated birds. That is why they do not tend to display their discomfort. But, as pet owners and companions, we have the capabilities to watch for signs of abnormal behaviour. Common signs are listed here but this is not an exhaustive list:</p><h2><br>1) Lack of Appetite and Weight Loss</h2><p>To tell if your bird is eating well, clean out her cage before you feed her so you can check what’s leftover, i.e. the amount that was consumed. If your bird stops eating and starts to lose weight, you should call your vet quickly. Sudden weight loss from lack of appetite could be due to blockage in her intestines and she may require surgery.&nbsp;<br><br>Your bird can still eat normally but lose weight. The best thing you can do is to weigh your bird regularly and record it, or use a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/check-your-birds-shape"><u>body condition score chart</u></a> to check.</p><h2>2) Colour and Texture Changes in Droppings</h2><p>Regular cage cleaning also helps you monitor droppings. Changes in poo colour, texture and consistency from the usual should be noted, e.g. too hard or too runny poo compared to normal droppings.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>3) Ruffled or Puffed Up Feathers</h2><p>Birds usually ruffle their feathers when they preen and clean themselves to get rid of dirt or feather dust stick. So it is abnormal to ruffled feathers for hours and stay <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/bird-feathers-puffed-up"><u>fluffed up/puffed up</u></a>. Your pet bird’s not pissed off, but most likely feeling discomfort from something e.g. respiratory problems. If you start to notice this prolonged fluffing for 24 hours or more, do contact your vet.&nbsp;</p><figure class="image"><img src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/4_7541e09bfb.jpg" alt="Ruffled feathers on a bird for long periods of time can be a sign of illness" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_4_7541e09bfb.jpg 208w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_4_7541e09bfb.jpg 500w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/medium_4_7541e09bfb.jpg 750w, https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/large_4_7541e09bfb.jpg 1000w" sizes="100vw" width="1000"><figcaption><i>Ruffling of feathers for a prolonged period is not a good sign.</i></figcaption></figure><h2><br>4) Dirty Feathers</h2><p>Birds naturally like to keep clean. Hence, messy feathers around your bird's face or feathers that are stuck together at the rump area (the part of your bird’s body immediately above her tail) may be signalling an underlying issue. Start to observe droppings and food intake and note down any abnormalities. Consult your vet quickly.</p><h2><br>5) Lethargy &amp; Weakness</h2><p>Is your pet bird is quite active by nature but seems to have slowed down? Or is she moping in a corner of her cage for disproportionate amounts of time? Is she sleeping a lot more than usual? These may be signs that she is sick. Do rule out issues that impact sleep first, e.g. changes in environment or sudden increase in noise level, as these can be easily corrected.</p><h2><br>6) Red and Runny Cere or Eyes</h2><p>A bird’s cere is the area on the beak where nostrils are located. Any discharge, redness etc. may indicate an illness. Same for her eyes too. Dull, cloudy eyes with discharge may be signs of respiratory problems.&nbsp;</p><h2><br>7) Breathing with The Mouth</h2><p>Like us, if your bird is opening her mouth wide to breathe, it is an indication of respiratory problems.</p><h2><br>8) Change in Vocalisation</h2><p>Pay attention if your song bird stops singing or changes her normal pattern of vocalisation, i.e. making new sounds or different sounds. This may be an indication of discomfort from illness or she is feeling stressed out by something.&nbsp;</p><h2><br>9) Bobbing of Tail</h2><p><br>The muscles at the base of your pet bird’s tail helps her to breathe by expanding her lungs to take in more air. Birds bob their tails &nbsp;up and down repeatedly to work their tail muscles harder when they experience respiratory difficulties. Similar to humans when we pant to take in more air more quickly. Call your vet immediately if you notice this behaviour.</p><p><br>To conclude, early diagnosis for sick birds make a huge difference in their ability to recover from many diseases. Regular health checks will give your vet a better chance to catch any subtle changes in your bird. At Gaia Vets, we see and treat birds so if your pet bird is showing the signs mentioned above, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><strong><u>do contact us</u></strong></a>.</p>

How to spot the subtle signs of sickness in birds and when it's time to see a vet

9 Signs Your Bird May Be Sick

<p>Seeing your bird looking extra fluffy can be charming or cute, but it can also be a subtle sign that something is not quite right.<br><br>In birds, fluffing or puffing up feathers is an important behaviour linked to temperature regulation, comfort, and overall health. In some cases, it may also signal illness or stress. Knowing when feather puffing is normal and when it is time to visit your vet is important for your pet’s wellbeing.</p><p>In Singapore, our pet birds may be exposed to changing temperatures, high humidity, lack of ventilation, or very warm indoor environments, depending on the size of your house and airflow. Yes, all these factors can influence how a bird behaves.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Why Do Birds Puff Up Their Feathers?</h2><p>Birds rely a lot on their feathers to regulate body temperature and protect themselves. When a bird puffs up, it is usually responding to changes in its environment or its physical condition.</p><p>Feathers trap pockets of air close to the body, helping birds retain or regulate heat. Puffing up increases this insulation. Birds also have a high metabolic rate, which means they can lose or gain heat quickly, especially smaller species such as budgies and lovebirds.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Normal Behaviour in Singapore’s Climate</h3><p>Even under our hot and humid weather, feather puffing can still happen as part of normal bird behaviour. Common, but non-concerning reasons a bird may look puffed up include:</p><ul><li>Resting or sleeping</li><li>Adjusting to changes in temperature between day and night</li><li>Coping with very hot days by altering posture and feather position</li><li>Mild environmental discomfort, such as poor airflow or high humidity</li></ul><p>If your bird is still alert, active, eating well, and behaving normally, occasional fluffing while resting is usually not a cause for concern.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>When Puffing Up May Signal Illness</h3><p>Persistent puffing, especially during the day, can be one of the earliest signs of illness in birds.</p><p>Birds tend to hide signs of weakness, it is in their nature. A bird that remains puffed up for long periods may be conserving energy because it does not feel well.</p><p>It is time to take action if you notice puffing along with at least one of these signs:</p><ul><li>Lethargy or reduced movement</li><li>Sitting at the bottom of the cage</li><li>Reduced appetite or reluctance to eat</li><li>Changes in droppings</li><li>Laboured or open mouth breathing</li><li>Reduced preening</li></ul><p>At Gaia Vets, we often see sick birds where persistent puffing up is one of the first changes owners notice.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Stress and Environmental Factors</h3><p>Environmental stress can also cause birds to puff up their feathers.<br>In our homes, potential stressors may include:</p><ul><li>Limited space or overcrowding</li><li>Insufficient ventilation or stagnant air</li><li>Sudden changes in routine or environment</li><li>Loud or constant household noise e.g from neighbouring renovation works</li><li>Nutritional imbalances</li></ul><p>Chronic stress can also weaken a bird’s immune system, making it more susceptible to illness over time.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>How to Tell the Difference - A Checklist</h3><p>Here’s a quick and easy checklist to decide if it is time to bring your bird to see the vet:</p><ol style="list-style-type:decimal;"><li>Is the puffing occasional or persistent?</li><li>Is my bird still eating, vocalising, and moving normally?</li><li>Has there been a recent change in temperature, airflow, or environment?</li><li>Are there <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/9-signs-your-bird-may-be-sick"><u>other subtle signs</u></a> appearing alongside the puffing?</li></ol><p>Occasional puffing during rest is usually normal, but persistent puffing combined with behavioural or physical changes is more concerning. When in doubt, it is always safer to seek your vet’s advice.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Supporting Your Bird at Home</h2><p>A comfortable and low stress environment supports healthy behaviour. Helpful considerations include:</p><ul><li>Ensuring good airflow and ventilation</li><li>Avoiding extreme heat or sudden temperature changes</li><li>Providing clean water and a balanced diet</li><li>Maintaining a predictable day and night routine</li><li>Observing behaviour and droppings daily</li></ul><blockquote><p>"Small adjustments can have a big impact on your bird’s comfort and wellbeing. During every visit, our vets are happy to share practical advice on the above that is tailored to your bird and home environment."&nbsp;<br>- Dr. Arman Chen, BVSc (Qld.), BSc (Leic.)</p></blockquote><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>When to See a Vet</h2><p>Birds can deteriorate quickly when unwell. Early evaluation often leads to better outcomes for birds and this is something we see time and time again at Gaia Vets. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>Book a visit with us today</u></a> and check out some helpful answers to FAQs below.&nbsp;</p><h2><br>Frequently Asked Questions From Bird Owners</h2><ol><li><strong>Why is my bird puffed up even on hot days?</strong><br>Puffing up in warm conditions may indicate illness, discomfort, or stress rather than temperature regulation. Best to check with your vet.<br>&nbsp;</li><li><strong>Is it normal for young birds to look fluffy?</strong><br>Yes, juvenile birds naturally appear fluffier, but lethargy or poor appetite is not normal at any age.<br>&nbsp;</li><li><strong>Can a bird be puffed up and still active?</strong><br>Yes, especially if the puffing is brief or related to environmental adjustment. It is best to continue monitoring closely to see if other signs appear along with puffing.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</li><li><strong>Does moulting affect fluffiness?</strong><br>During moulting, birds may appear uneven or fluffier. Giving your bird proper nutrition is important to support healthy feather growth. Read more about what you should feed your bird <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/foods-you-should-never-feed-your-pet-bird"><u>here</u></a>.<br>&nbsp;</li><li><p><strong>What is another common health sign bird owners often miss?</strong><br>Weight loss is another frequently overlooked sign in birds.&nbsp;<br>Many birds are already underweight by the time changes become visible, as weight loss can be subtle underneath all the feathers. Use <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/check-your-birds-shape"><u>this handy guide</u></a> to check your bird's body condition regularly.</p><p>Regular health checks every 4 - 6 months help identify weight changes early and allow potential issues to be addressed before they become more serious.<br>&nbsp;</p></li></ol>

Learn when puffing up in birds signal illness and when to see your vet

Normal or Not? When Puffing is a Concern

<p>Bringing home a guinea pig or want to give your current ones the best life possible? Here are some simple, vet-approved tips to keep them healthy, happy, and squeak-ing with joy.</p><h2><strong data-start="870" data-end="929">Pick the Perfect Pad: Choosing the Right Cage &amp; Bedding</strong></h2><p>Ideally, you should get a cage that's at least 0.7 sqm for one guinea pig and 1 sqm for two guinea pigs. Flooring is crucial. Cages with solid floors are better than wire meshes so they don't get sores on their feet.</p><p>Soft bedding is essential and materials like shredded paper-based bedding will work. Wood chips are not recommended as the smaller bits may get stuck under their eyelids.</p><blockquote><p>“Substrate or bedding is an important consideration. Always try to purchase products that have very little powder or labelled "powder-less". Fine powders from bedding coupled with inadequate ventilation is a common cause of respiratory problems we see in small pets. This is true from guinea pigs to chinchillas.”&nbsp;- Dr Arman Chen, BVSc (Qld.), BSc (Leic.)</p></blockquote><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong data-start="935" data-end="993">Playtime &amp; Hideouts: Keep Your Guinea Pigs Entertained</strong></h2><p>These items will stimulate your guinea pigs mentally and make cage-living more interesting.&nbsp;</p><p>Tubes, tunnels and guinea pig houses make fun hiding<strong data-start="999" data-end="1055"> </strong>spots. Just make sure the diameter fits your guinea pig as she grows. You won't want her to get stuck and be in distress when she gets larger.</p><p>For toys, get those that are made of chewable materials but will not chip off into parts that your pet can swallow by accident. Get a variety of toys, for them to push around and also hanging ones that they can stretch to reach. In fact, large toilet paper rolls or sheets of paper (unbleached) can become simple and fun toys.&nbsp;</p><p>Be careful not to clutter the cage with too much accessories so they get ample space to scamper about!<br>&nbsp;</p><h2>Hay, hay hay! This is What a Healthy Guinea Pig Diet Looks Like</h2><p>Similar to rabbits, a balanced diet for guinea pigs is&nbsp;</p><ul><li>80% hay e.g. Timothy Hay or Orchard Hay</li><li>10 to 15% vegetables</li><li>5 to 10% fruits or pellets</li><li>Plenty of water</li><li>Vitamin C deficiency is a common problem for guinea pigs. To avoid this, you can<ul><li>Get pellets that are supplemented with Vitamin C</li><li>Choose fresh vegetables and fruits which are high in Vitamin C as supplements</li><li>Get Vitamin C drops and spike it in their water or feed them chewable tablets<br>&nbsp;</li></ul></li></ul><p>Low calcium leafy greens e.g. romaine lettuce leaves are better than spinach &amp; kale, which are higher in calcium. Too much calcium in your guinea pig's diet may lead to bladder stone formation.</p><p>Want to know what you can give them as treats? Carrots, bananas, blueberries, watermelon are great fruit options.</p><figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:700/1081;" src="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/Carrots_should_be_kept_as_occasional_treats_for_guinea_pigs_Gaia_Vets_08a78679bc.jpg" alt="Carrots should be kept as occasional treats for guinea pigs - Gaia Vets.jpg" srcset="https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/thumbnail_Carrots_should_be_kept_as_occasional_treats_for_guinea_pigs_Gaia_Vets_08a78679bc.jpg 101w,https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/small_Carrots_should_be_kept_as_occasional_treats_for_guinea_pigs_Gaia_Vets_08a78679bc.jpg 324w,https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/medium_Carrots_should_be_kept_as_occasional_treats_for_guinea_pigs_Gaia_Vets_08a78679bc.jpg 486w,https://cms.gaiavets.com/uploads/large_Carrots_should_be_kept_as_occasional_treats_for_guinea_pigs_Gaia_Vets_08a78679bc.jpg 648w," sizes="100vw" width="700" height="1081"><figcaption><i>Fresh veggies and fruits are treats, and not to replace hay which is to be the bulk of your guinea pig's diet.</i><br><i>Image by </i><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.neatoshop.com/product/Piggie-Parodies-PAWS"><i><u>Piggie Parodies</u></i></a></figcaption></figure><p><strong>*Note: </strong>Fresh veggies and fruits are great as supplements or treats. They do not replace fresh hay which ought to form the bulk of your guinea pig's diet. Hay is important to help them file down those teeth which never stop growing and provide fibre in their diet.</p><p>Provide plenty of fresh water and if possible, at multiple points, e.g. in a drinking bottle, in a water bowl especially if you have more than one guinea pig.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong data-start="1061" data-end="1100">Daily Duties: Clean, Refill, Repeat</strong></h2><p>Scoop out soiled bedding or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/guinea-pig-poop-chart"><u>poo daily</u></a>. Check the corners because guinea pigs tend to relieve themselves in corners.&nbsp;<br>Guinea pigs graze frequently, so give them fresh water and top up with clean and fresh hay every day.&nbsp;</p><p>Remove and discard any uneaten food, especially fresh veggies or fruits.</p><p>Do a thorough cleaning of the cage every week if possible. You can wipe the cage down using a natural cleaner i.e. white vinegar diluted with water in a 1:3 or 1:4 ratio should work fine.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Out<strong data-start="1106" data-end="1163">-of-Cage Adventures: Safe Playtime for Guinea Pigs</strong></h2><p>Let them out of their cages every day to freely roam about in a larger but *secure space. You can also choose to bust out the toys and play with them during this time for better bonding.</p><p>*<strong>A secure space</strong> is one which is:</p><ul><li>Free from wires and cables so your pet can't chew on them and accidentally swallow wires or get electrocuted.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Fenced up or properly enclosed so they don't escape or get stepped on accidentally by other family members.<br>&nbsp;</li><li>Devoid of other pets which may freak them out. You can introduce other pets to your guinea pigs slowly, but ensure they don't get chased or stressed.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong data-start="1169" data-end="1222">Bonding &amp; Brushing: Grooming Time Is Quality Time</strong></h2><p>Not just because it is therapeutic for you as a pet owner. We recommend spending time with your guinea pigs by brushing their fur or trimming their nails.&nbsp;</p><p>This builds your confidence to handle them as pet owner and allows your guinea pigs to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/syringe-feeding-small-mammals"><u>get used to being handled</u></a>. This also means trips to the vet will be less stressful and your guinea pigs will be less likely to be aggressive.&nbsp;</p><p>Brushing your guinea pig regularly also keeps you more vigilant to any skin problems which are common for these pocket pets.&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong data-start="1228" data-end="1282">Vet Visits &amp; Health Checks: Stay Ahead of Problems</strong></h2><p>Bringing your guinea pig for a health check will give you assurance that he is doing well as your vet will be experienced in picking up any <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/common-guinea-pig-illnesses"><u>subtle signs or symptoms</u></a>.&nbsp;</p><p>How regular? A general health check every 6 months is ideal.&nbsp;<br>Sterilising guinea pigs are not necessary if you only have one guinea pig or intend to have multiple guinea pigs of the same gender.&nbsp;</p><p>If you are bringing guinea pigs home for the first time and need advice to handle them, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>do book a consult with us</u></a>! Our highly experienced vet care team can show you how to handle and care for these furry friends.</p>

Easy essentials to keep your guinea pig healthy and happy, and make pet parenting a joy, too!

Your Guinea Pig Starter Guide: 7 Quick Basics

<h2>Why Rabbits Get Hairballs</h2><p>Rabbits are naturally clean animals. They groom themselves every day, just like cats. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/cat-hairballs"><u>But unlike cats</u></a>, rabbits can’t vomit. Any fur they swallow must pass completely through their digestive system.</p><p>If it doesn’t, that fur can build up inside their gut, mixing with food to form a hairball, also known as a trichobezoar.</p><p>Hairballs in rabbits are often a symptom of something else going wrong with their digestion. That’s why prevention is key.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What Makes Hairballs Dangerous for Rabbits</h2><p>A healthy rabbit’s digestive system is always moving. Think of it like a conveyor belt that is constantly pushing food and fur through, with the help of fibre (derived from <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/ideal-rabbit-diet"><u>a mostly hay diet</u></a>).</p><p>When that conveyor belt slows down (or worse, stops), swallowed hair can collect into larger clumps that may block the gut. This is why GI stasis is often the bigger danger, with hairballs being part of that picture.</p><p>The good news is that you can help prevent this from happening by making sure your rabbit’s diet and environment support healthy digestion.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Signs Your Rabbit Might Be Struggling With Hairballs</h2><p>It’s not always obvious at first, but some signs to watch out for include:</p><ul><li>Smaller or fewer droppings</li><li>Droppings strung together with fur</li><li>Reduced appetite or refusing food</li><li>Sitting hunched or showing signs of discomfort</li><li>Being quieter or hiding more than usual</li><li>Bloated tummy</li></ul><p>If your rabbit stops eating completely, this is a medical emergency. Don’t wait, get them to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/our-services"><u>a rabbit-savvy vet</u></a> immediately.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>How to Prevent Hairballs in Rabbits</h2><p>Here’s how you can help your rabbit avoid hairballs and keep their digestive system working the way it should:</p><h3>Feed Your Rabbit Unlimited Hay</h3><p>Hay isn’t just food — it’s the key to healthy digestion. Hay provides the fibre that helps move everything along the gut, including swallowed fur.</p><p>Timothy hay, orchard hay, or meadow hay are all great options. Your rabbit’s diet should be 90% hay.</p><h3>Make Sure Your Bunny Stay Active</h3><p>Movement helps digestion. Give your rabbit plenty of space to hop, stretch, and play every day. Bored or inactive rabbits are at greater risk of digestive problems.</p><h3>Groom Your Rabbit Regularly</h3><p>Especially during moulting seasons, rabbits can shed large amounts of fur. Regular brushing helps remove loose hair before your rabbit swallows it.</p><p>Even short-haired rabbits benefit from brushing — and it’s a great bonding activity, too.</p><h3>Keep The Stress Down</h3><p>Stress can cause rabbits to eat less and can slow their gut down. Provide a safe, quiet space, and avoid sudden loud noises or changes in their routine.</p><h3>Watch for Changes Early</h3><p>Keep an eye on your rabbit’s droppings and appetite. Changes are often the first sign that something isn’t right. Catching issues early makes treatment much easier and more successful.</p><h3>Check With Your Vet Before Using Remedies</h3><p>Don’t give laxatives or home remedies unless recommended by your vet. Some products can make things worse or mask the real problem.<br>&nbsp;</p><h2>What About Guinea Pigs?</h2><p data-start="691" data-end="1061">While guinea pigs are at lower risk compared to rabbits in developing hairballs, <strong data-start="864" data-end="897">long-haired guinea pig breeds</strong> such as Silkies and Peruvians can develop hairballs too, especially if they’re shedding, overgrooming, or barbering (chewing on their own or a cage mate’s fur).</p><p data-start="691" data-end="1061">As with rabbits, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/common-guinea-pig-illnesses"><u>a healthy digestive system</u></a> and regular grooming go a long way in reducing the risks for guinea pigs. The prevention tips are very similar: <strong data-start="1101" data-end="1210">high-fibre diets, fresh water, daily grooming (especially for long-haired piggies), and minimising stress</strong>.&nbsp;</p><p data-start="691" data-end="1061">Checking your guinea pig's output to ensure there is nothing out of the ordinary is also helpful. Use this <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/guinea-pig-poop-chart"><u>handy guinea pig poop chart</u></a> for your reference!</p><p data-start="691" data-end="1061">&nbsp;</p><h2>Our Pocket Pets Deserve the Best Care</h2><p>Hairballs in rabbits and guinea pigs are often preventable with the right diet, care, and attention. The most important thing is to stay observant and act early if something seems off.</p><p>If you ever have doubts, or if your furry friend's behaviour has changed, get in touch with Gaia Vets <span class="s1">at </span><a href="tel:%20+65%2069504533"><span class="s1 s2"><u>6950 4533</u></span></a><span class="s1"> (Jalan Besar) or </span><a href="tel:%20+65%2067277511"><span class="s1 s2"><u>6727 7511</u></span></a><span class="s1"> (Parksuites, Holland Grove Rd). </span>We’re here to help your pets stay happy, healthy, and hopping!</p>

Simple steps to keep your pocket pets healthy and free from hairballs

How to Prevent Hairballs in Rabbits & Guinea Pigs

<p>Most people think about adoption when it comes to saving animal lives. But there’s another powerful way you and your dog can make a difference — by signing your dog up to be a blood donor.</p><p>Canine blood donation is a life-saving gift for <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-22/why-blood-donation-is-so-important-for-pets/11523486"><u>injured or critically ill dogs</u></a> who need transfusions. These transfusions are often required in situations like:</p><ul><li>Severe blood loss from accidents or surgery</li><li>Destruction of red blood cells from immune-mediated diseases</li><li>Tick-borne illnesses, e.g. babesiosis or ehrlichiosis</li></ul><p>In Singapore, blood donations for pets are always in short supply. With thousands of dog owners here, we can close that gap together.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Why Dogs Need Blood Transfusions</h2><p>Every year, countless dogs require transfusions to survive. Conditions such as tick fever are common in Singapore’s tropical climate. Severe cases of babesiosis and ehrlichiosis often result in life-threatening anaemia.</p><p>According to Pet Blood Bank UK, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.petbloodbankuk.org/pet-owners/dog-blood-donation/what-happens-to-your-dogs-blood/"><u>a single blood donation can help save up to four other dogs</u></a>!</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What Happens During a Dog Blood Donation?</h2><p>If you’re wondering what the process looks like, here’s what to expect.</p><p>Your dog will first undergo:</p><ol><li>A full physical exam</li><li>Blood tests to check organ health, red blood cell count, and screen for diseases like heartworm or tick fever</li></ol><p>For the actual donation:</p><ol><li>Blood is drawn from the jugular vein (a large vein in the neck)</li><li>Mild sedation may be used for comfort, especially for more active or anxious dogs</li><li>Your dog will be monitored closely, hydrated with intravenous fluids, and given plenty of rest</li><li>Afterward? Lots of cuddles, treats, and well-deserved praise.</li></ol><p><strong>Good to know: </strong>Some calm dogs don’t need sedation at all. The vet will decide what’s best based on temperament.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Is Blood Donation Safe for My Dog?</h2><p>For healthy dogs, donating blood is safe. Vets perform full health screenings to rule out hidden problems before clearing your dog as a donor.</p><p>Most donor dogs bounce back quickly. You might notice mild tiredness for a day or two as the body naturally replaces the lost blood.</p><p>Serious side effects are rare. The biggest risk is in dogs with underlying health issues, which is why careful screening matters.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Does Donating Blood Hurt?</h2><p>Not at all. With mild sedation (if required) and attentive care, most dogs don’t even notice what’s happening. Think of it as a short nap with a heroic ending.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Can My Dog Be a Blood Donor?</h2><p>Here’s the usual criteria for donor dogs:</p><ul><li>Weighs at least 25kg (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/blog/dog-body-condition-score-chart"><u>ideal, but not overweight</u></a>)</li><li>Between 1 to 8 years old</li><li>Calm and gentle temperament</li><li>Healthy, with no underlying medical conditions</li><li>Fully vaccinated and regularly protected against parasites</li><li>Not currently on medications</li><li>Never had a blood transfusion before</li><li>DEA 1.1 or DEA 1.2 negative blood type</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><blockquote><p>“Like us, dogs have different blood types too. DEA 1.1 or DEA 1.2 negative is like the universal donor in humans, similar to O negative blood type.” - Dr. Claire Tan, BVSc (Qld.), BAppSc (Qld.)</p></blockquote><p>&nbsp;</p><p>If your dog has received a transfusion before, they may have developed antibodies that could trigger severe reactions in recipients. That’s why first-time, healthy donors are ideal.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>How Often Can My Dog Donate Blood?</h2><p>As long as your dog remains healthy and meets the criteria, they can donate safely up to six times a year.</p><p>Your family vet will advise on the ideal donation frequency based on your dog’s health and recovery after each session.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>What If My Dog Doesn’t Qualify?</h2><p>Many dogs in Singapore don’t meet the size requirement, especially smaller breeds. But that doesn’t mean you can’t help.</p><p>Here’s what you can do:</p><ul><li>Share this article with friends who own large dogs</li><li>Volunteer to help transport donor dogs to clinics</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.instagram.com/gaia_vets"><u>Follow us on social media</u></a> so you can answer blood donor appeals</li><li>Even spreading awareness can help save lives!<br>&nbsp;</li></ul><h2>Ready to Help? Let’s Talk</h2><p>Want to find out if your dog is eligible or need more information? <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gaiavets.com/#location"><u>Contact Gaia Vets</u></a> or speak with your regular vet. Together, we can make sure more dogs get the second chances they deserve.</p>

As a dog owner, you can do more for other dogs aside from adoption!

Blood Donation for Dogs: Why It Matters & How to Help

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Experience the personal touch of a family pet GP plus advanced diagnostic and surgical services for dogs, cats and every type of pet. Open till late.

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The place where all pets, big or small, can find a home in healing

The place Where All Pets, big or small, can find a home in healing

gaia guides

Bloat Isn’t Always Obvious in Dogs

Why CKD is a ticking time bomb in your pet

It’s Not “Just Peeing More” - UTI in dogs

Thinking of Feeding Your Pet a Raw Diet? Read This First.

When Skipping a Meal Becomes Dangerous for Rabbits

9 Signs Your Bird May Be Sick

Normal or Not? When Puffing is a Concern

Your Guinea Pig Starter Guide: 7 Quick Basics

How to Prevent Hairballs in Rabbits & Guinea Pigs

Blood Donation for Dogs: Why It Matters & How to Help

Bloat Isn’t Always Obvious in Dogs

Why CKD is a ticking time bomb in your pet

It’s Not “Just Peeing More” - UTI in dogs

For more Tips, Guides
& Recommendations

Why People Love us

our locations

Gaia Vets @ Jalan Besar

Gaia Vets @ Parksuites

For All
Pet Needs

gaia vets

for every pet

Your Trusted Family Vet

Experience the personal touch of a family pet GP plus advanced diagnostic and surgical services for dogs, cats and every type of pet. Open till late.

“Gaia” means The Earth

The place where all pets, big or small, can find a home in healing

The place Where All Pets, big or small, can find a home in healing

gaia guides

Bloat Isn’t Always Obvious in Dogs

Why CKD is a ticking time bomb in your pet

It’s Not “Just Peeing More” - UTI in dogs

Thinking of Feeding Your Pet a Raw Diet? Read This First.

When Skipping a Meal Becomes Dangerous for Rabbits

9 Signs Your Bird May Be Sick

Normal or Not? When Puffing is a Concern

Your Guinea Pig Starter Guide: 7 Quick Basics

How to Prevent Hairballs in Rabbits & Guinea Pigs

Blood Donation for Dogs: Why It Matters & How to Help

Bloat Isn’t Always Obvious in Dogs

Why CKD is a ticking time bomb in your pet

It’s Not “Just Peeing More” - UTI in dogs

For more Tips, Guides & Recommendations

Why People Love us

our locations

Gaia Vets @ Jalan Besar

Gaia Vets @ Parksuites

For All Pet Needs

gaia vets

for every pet

For more Tips, Guides
& Recommendations

For All
Pet Needs